罗沙司他共晶的合成、表征与理化性质研究

肾性贫血药物罗沙司他是在中国本土孵化、率先在中国获批的新药。利用溶液结晶法制备了罗沙司他-烟酰胺共晶(RDXT-N)、罗沙司他-肉桂酰胺共晶(RDXT-C)、罗沙司他-苯甲酰胺共晶(RDXT-B)以及罗沙司他-脯氨酸共晶(RDXT-P)四种共晶，并通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和核磁共振氢谱分析法(¹H NMR)来表征四种共晶。对罗沙司他四个共晶的固有溶出速率、溶解度和稳定性等性质进行了研究。固有溶出速率实验表明，在pH 4.5缓冲介质中这四个共晶的溶出速率均快于罗沙司他晶型A，其中罗沙司他-肉桂酰胺共晶的溶出速率最快，接近罗沙司他晶型A的10倍。平衡溶解度实验表明，在纯水中37℃条件下溶解度最大是罗沙司他-脯氨酸共晶，是晶型A的5.3倍。影响因素稳定性实验证明，罗沙司他-肉桂酰胺共晶和罗沙司他-烟酰胺共晶有着良好的湿热稳定性和光稳定性。因此，这些罗沙司他共晶可以为新剂型设计提供选择方案。     

A dense and compact laser cladding layer with solid metallurgical bonding significantly improved corrosion resistance of Mg alloy for engineering applications

Although Mg alloy attracts great attention for engineering applications because of high specific strength and low density, low corrosion resistance limits its extensive use. In this study, Mg–Al–Zn–Mn alloy was treated via a laser cladding process to generate a dense and compact laser cladding layer with solid metallurgical bonding on the substrate for improving corrosion resistance, effectively hindering the corrosion pervasion into Mg alloy. The corrosion current density declined from 103 μA/cm² for Mg alloy to 13 μA/cm² for the laser cladding layer in NaCl aqueous solution. Moreover, the laser cladding layer was slightly corroded in comparison with Mg alloy in NaCl aqueous solution. Besides, the microhardness of the cladding layer reached a mean value of 170.5 HV, 3.1 times of Mg alloy (56.8 HV) due to the in situ formation of hardening intermetallic phases. Wear resistance of laser cladding layer was also obviously improved. These results demonstrated that the laser cladding layer obviously enhanced anticorrosion property of Mg alloy for engineering applications.     

Formation of a protective layer against corrosion on Mg alloy via alkali pretreatment followed by vanillic acid treatment

Although Mg alloy possesses high specific strength, low density, and good biocompatibility, poor corrosion resistance hinders its further applications. In the present study, an innovative protective layer against corrosion was prepared on the AZ31 Mg alloy via alkali pretreatment followed by vanillic acid treatment. The alkali pretreatment supplied –OH for the AZ31 Mg alloy surface to react with vanillic acid. The vanillic acid treatment played a crucial role in enhancing the corrosion resistance due to the excellent ability to act as a barrier and retard aqueous solution penetration, which effectively isolated the underlying Mg alloy from the corrosive environment. The corrosion current density of alkali and vanillic acid-treated Mg alloy (AZ31V) almost showed two orders of magnitude lower values in comparison with that of the AZ31 Mg alloy, and the corrosion potential of AZ31V Mg alloy increased from −1.41 to −1.25 V. The immersion tests proved that there was no occurrence of severe corrosion. Hence, the alkali pretreatment and vanillic acid treatment may represent a promising method to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy.     

基于结构曳力的吸收塔内部气液流动模拟

湿法脱硫系统中的吸收塔为多尺度结构构成的复杂系统，其中介观结构对液滴和烟气在塔内流动有重要影响。而液滴和烟气的流动状况直接关系着脱硫系统的脱硫效率及运行阻力。本文基于吸收塔内部结构，建立基于介观结构的曳力模型，并将该模型耦合到多相流模型中，结合商业软件Fluent对吸收塔内部烟气和液滴流动状况进行模拟预测。在模拟结果中，通过对吸收塔二维、三维的压降、速度和液滴分布的模拟计算结果分析和对比，表明模拟结果准确预测了烟气和液滴在吸收塔内流动结构，充分说明了基于介观结构的曳力模型可以很好反映液滴和烟气之间的作用力。     

陵水17-2气田完井液与储层保护技术研究

陵水17-2气田储层属于高孔高渗砂岩气藏,存在一定的盐敏损害。室内分析了储层盐敏损害因素,针对现场使用的高矿化度盐水完井液进行了模拟评价。结果表明,陵水17-2气田储层盐敏损害机制主要为矿化度变化带来的微粒脱落运移造成的渗透率变化以及可能存在的流体不配伍带来的结垢因素。甲酸钾完井液对陵水17-2气田投产效果影响不大,具有良好的储层保护效果,可满足现场作业要求。